Conclusion

This study has established the structure of DNA bound TALEs using the artificial TALE dHax3, which has broadened our understanding of the intricacies of DNA binding by TALEs. However, there are many features of the interaction which still need to be determined, for example understanding the mechanism for which all RVDs bind their specific DNA target. (Deng et al., 2012) It is hoped that further understanding of this mechanism could lead to the use of artificially engineered TALEs for target DNA activation in the treatment of disease or the genetic modification of crops/livestock for farming in the future. (Bogdanove,Voytas 2011)


This can be done by exploiting some of TALEs unique features, such as their ability to function in organisms in kingdoms other than their own. One suggested method for gene expression manipulation by TALEs has been put forward. A “designer TALE (dTALE)” has been produced which is able to function in human and plant genomes. These dTALEs contain either the native domain or one taken from the herpes simplex virus, VP16. It was found that the native domain was most effective in plant cells and the herpes domain in human cells. This is to be expected seeing as the plant genomes are the target of native TALEs. (Bogdanove,Voytas 2011)

 
The prospective effects of TALE engineering creates ethical questions; how far can the altering of genomes go? How much more is acceptable than genetically modified crops or cows? Would it lead to designer babies or designer pets? Listening to people’s attitudes will be important in the development of this field. (Bogdanove, Voytas 2011)